Dear Nurses

Friday, April 20, 2007

EPIDURAL BLEEDING EXPLAINED


Scenario 1: Tim was on a ladder at work.
He lost his balance and fell to the ground.
He will later be diagnosed with an epidural bleed. 

Scenario 2 :Mrs. A has a history of alcohol
ingestion in excess. She has been falling
a lot. She is now unconscious.

Updated 4/26
Dear nurses,
The Clinical Setting Step by Step is no longer available.
Please click on the link for more updated information:

An epidural bleed is an arterial bleed. The patient has
a brief period of unconsciousness following injury. 
He then becomes lucid and quickly progresses to
 unconsciousness and possible coma. A common
site for injury is the meningeal artery which runs
 close to the surface, behind the ear.

subdural bleed ( hematoma) is venous and progresses
slowly. The patient may not experience any symptoms
for a few days. It may even become chronic. 

Suspect a subdural bleed , if the patient had a fall / head
injury and was initially okay, then later becomes unconscious.
 It is common in alcoholics.

    Learn more about:  Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Learn more about : Neurological assessment



In the above image, examples of how brain injuries
can occur, are shown. Click on the links:
ICP monitoring
for more information.






In the above image, examples of how brain injuries
can occur, are shown. Click on the links:
ICP monitoring
for more information.



An intravenous infusion may be started in a peripheral
site or a central line site.

Learn more by clicking on the link:
IV assessment


Learn more about : Sepsis



The surgical patient is at risk for infection, related to
  surgical intervention.
Paralytic ileus may occur .
- Hypothermia due to fluid loss and bodily exposure
  during surgery. Hypothermia increases the body's need
  for oxygen and possibly may lead to a cardiac event.
 Warming measures are necessary.



Learn more about : The spread of infection
 

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