ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM CASE STUDY

Updated 4/24

Dear nurses,

Dear nurses.com is no longer available. Please click on the 
link : Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

for more updated information.

An aneurysm or bulge may occur in the wall of a blood
vessel like the aorta. The abdominal aorta describes that
part of the aorta that passes through the abdominal area.
Rupture of an abdominal aneurysm carries a high mortality
rate.
For more information on this topic, simply click on the link:

http://www.dearnurses.com/abdominal_aneursym_-_aorta

and enjoy reading.

ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM REPAIR

Updated 5/24

Dear nurses,

Dear nurses.com is no longer available. Please click on the links:
 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Abdominal Aneurysm Rupture and care

Aneurysm and Diagnosis
for more updated information.

Mr.S had an Abdominal Aortic Repair done.

For more information on this topic, simply click on the link:

http://www.dearnurses.com/abdominal_aneursym_-_aorta

and enjoy reading.

CEREBRAL ANEURYSM

Bob went to the gym and pumped iron, shortly after he had an "explosive" headache. He had a ruptured brain aneurysm. For more details on a ruptured aneurysm, click on the link:
dearnurses.com/subarachnoid_hemorrage_-_a_case_study.

TREATMENT OF CEREBRAL ANEURYSM

A cerebral aneurysm may be repaired by clipping or embolization. Embolization is done in X Ray under fluroscopy. Platinum coils are threaded through a catheter in the groin and the aneurysm is filled. Wide necks may be difficult to coil.

For more helpful information, please click on the link:
Subarachnoid hemorrhage and quiz

Updated 7/23
 

SYMPTOMS OF CEREBRAL ANEURYSM

Updated 3/24

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link : Subarachnoid hemorrhage

 

FOR MORE HELPFUL INFORMTAION ON THIS TOPIC, CLICK ON THE LINK:                  www.dearnurses.com/subarachnoid_hemorrage_-_a_case_study.

OVERVIEW OF CEREBRAL ANEURYSM

 Read and learn about Cerebral Aneurysm in A Case Study(Subarachnoid Hemorrhage).

 Updated 4/24

 Dear nurses, 

For more updated information on this topic, please click on the 
link : Aneurysm

Hope you had a good week. This week and the next will address Aneurysms both Cerebral and Abdominal ( Aortic) . Understanding and managing the care of a patient with a Cerebral Aneurysm can have great benefits if done correctly. The need for rest to avoid secondary injury to the brain cannot be over emphasized.

Neurological deficits may occur in patients with brain events, when excessive amounts of pain medication and very little rest is combined. Always follow your MD orders when medicating patients and be aware of side effects of narcotics such as lethargy and respiratory depression.

Be sure to assess and document your patient's neurological status prior to giving pain meds. This will make for a good baseline.

FOR MORE INFORMATION ON THIS TOPIC, ENJOY READING:

Quizmenurse.blogspot.com

HAVE A GREAT WEEK!

RENAL FAILURE CAUSED BY LIVER FAILURE

Updated 6/24 

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If the kidneys fail, hemodialysis is ordered by the doctor, in 
an attempt to remove waste products. Depending on the situation,
this may be short or long term.

Scenario: Mr.O who was in liver failure and became oliguric. Renal failure very commonly accompanies liver failure. Renal transplant may be necessary. When the kidneys have failed beyond recovery, kidney transplant is often considered.

In the meantime, hemodialysis becomes necessary, to rid the body of waste products.

Helpful hints :

- Carefully monitor and document the urinary output.

- Monitor and document the neurological status, as some patients may become confused while awaiting hemodialysis.

- Follow your institution's policies and MD orders for treatment of your patient.

SIMPLIFYING RENAL FAILURE

FOR MORE HELPFUL INFORMATION ON THIS TOPIC AND RENAL TRANSPLANTATION,

CLICK ON THE LINK:

http://www.dearnurses.net/the_clinical_setting_step_by_step,

CHAPTER 10.

For additional information visit: SESSIONS 2

KIDNEY FUNCTION

Updated 7/24

The kidneys and their function

Typically , each human being has two kidneys. They are two bean
shaped organs situated in the flank area. The kidneys filter waste
from the blood , which is excreted as urine. The bladder acts as a
reservoir for urine.

Failure of the kidneys to do their normal function is very distressing

to the patient. Patients may become confused because of the retained
waste products. Pruritis ( itching) is also common.

Urinary output in renal may be absent ( anuria) or low (oliguria).

Causes of renal failure:

Hypovolemia  , excessive volume depletion from vomiting , diarrhea, 
blood loss or diuretics result in decreased blood flow to the kidneys
and are reversible by correction of the problem.
Drug induced renal failure may or may not be reversible.

RENAL FAILURE SIMPLIFIED

Failure of the kidneys to do their normal function is very distressing to the patient.
Patients may become confused because of the retained waste products. Pruritis ( itching)
is also common. Urinary output in renal may be absent ( anuria) or low (oliguria).

Causes of renal failure

Hypovolemia - excessive volume depletion from vomiting , diarrhea, blood loss or diuretics result in decreased blood flow to the kidneys and are reversible by correction of the problem.

Drug induced renal failure may or may not be reversible. antibiotics, contrast material used in
radiographic studies, anti- inflammatory drugs may all be causes of renal failure. Monitoring of
lab values for certain drugs like Gentamicin will be an indicator of when levels are becoming toxic.

 Dopamine infusion which is used to increase blood pressure, may result in decreased urinary output when used in high doses.Certain vitamin supplements may cause kidney stones.
Trauma whether blunt or penetrating , surgical procedures may damage the kidneys.

HEPATIC FAILURE

CLINICAL PICTURE OF A PATIENT IN HEPATIC FAILURE.

To learn more about this topic and Transplantation of the patient

in End-Stage Hepatic (Liver Failure), simply click on the link:

http://www.dearnurses.net/the_clinical_setting_step_by_step 

  (Chapters 10 & 16)
and enjoy learning.

For additional information, visit: SESSIONS 2

PARACENTESIS

Hepatic encephalopathy

When the liver becomes damaged, ammonia and other toxins cannot be removed.

This may cause toxins to cross the blood-brain barrier and cause symptoms such

as lethargy and mental confusion.

Paracentesis

The liver becomes enlarged in liver failure. The abdomen also becomes enlarged.

Patients also have difficulty breathing. Paracentesis is performed to remove excess

fluid and make breathing easier.

Updated 3/24

Dear nurses,

More updated information on this topic, can be accessed by clicking on the links:

Organ failure

Liver and renal failure

UNDERSTANDING LIVER FAILURE

Hi guys,

The above illustrations are to help you get the clinical picture of a patient in Hepatic Failure.

The liver ia a large and very complex organ with a lot of work to do. Bile production which aids digestion , converting ammonia into urea for excretion, coagulation functions and more. Liver damage either acute or chronic is very debilitating to the patient.

Damage to the liver may have various causes. The course of illness may be short or prolonged.

Patients who have illness due to liver damage may have jaundice . This is manifested by a yellow pigmentation of the skin, sclera of the eyes and urine . The skin is typically very dry and itchy. Liver damage may also lead to kidney failure , coagulation ( clotting )problems and hepatic encephalopathy. As the liver loses the ability to do its normal functions , patients may experience bleeding problems , or become increasingly lethargic which can lead to coma.

FOR MORE HELPFUL AND UPDATED INFORMATION ON END-STAGE LIVER FAILURE AND LIVER TRANSPLANTATION , CLICK ON THE LINK:

http://www.dearnurses.net/the_clinical_setting_step_by_step, CHAPTER 10

Also visit: SESSIONS 2

HAVE A GREAT WEEK !